Semiconductor physics is a branch of condensed matter physics that focuses on the study of the behavior and properties of semiconducting materials. Semiconductors are materials that have an electrical conductivity between that of conductors (metals) and insulators (non-conducting materials). This field of study explores the electronic structure, electrical and optical properties, and the behavior of charge carriers in semiconductors. Research in semiconductor physics is crucial for developing electronic devices such as transistors, diodes, solar cells, and integrated circuits. It also plays a key role in advancing technologies in fields such as telecommunications, computing, and renewable energy.